During our stay in Kenya from 1980-1984, we could witness a series of trepanations. This operation was common in the Kisii tribe. It’s a short paper in Dutch in the NTVG.
For more information read Furnas, David W., Sheikh, M.A., van den Hombergh, P., Froeling, F., and I. M. Nunda 1985 Traditional craniotomies of the Kisii tribe of Kenya. Annals of Plastic Surgery 15(6):538-556. Google provides perfect sites under “trepanation” and “Kisii” or “Gusii”.